Texline, Texas: A Town on the Edge of Three States, Forged by History and a Boundary Dispute

Texline, Texas, isn’t just a dot on the map; it’s a testament to resilience, carved out of the vast Texas Panhandle and marked by a unique history intertwined with a boundary dispute. Discover the captivating story of this small town, where the past whispers in the wind and the future remains unwritten.

The Accidental Origins of Texline

Texline’s story begins not with grand plans, but with the practical needs of a railway. In 1888, the Fort Worth and Denver City Railway, needing a division point for its trains, established a stop amidst the seemingly empty expanse of the Panhandle. Land was purchased from the Capitol Freehold Land and Investment Company, and almost by chance, Texline was born. This seemingly random location, however, would soon become the center of a unique historical twist.

A surveying error in 1859 had placed the Texas-New Mexico border west of its intended location, the 103rd meridian, by as much as 3.77 miles (6.07 km). This placed Texline firmly within Texas, a fact that would have significant consequences later, especially with the discovery of oil in the Permian Basin. This “lost” land, rich in resources, became the subject of a legal battle between Texas and New Mexico. In 1910, New Mexico attempted to reclaim the land in a lawsuit, which ultimately failed, solidifying Texline’s place in Texas.

From Boom to Bust: A Town’s Resilience

Texline’s early years were marked by the bustle of a railway hub. It even briefly served as the Dallam County seat, starting in 1891, with the county’s first public school opening in Texline the following year. However, progress often brings change, and in 1903, the county seat moved to Dalhart, impacting Texline’s prominence. Throughout the 20th century, the town’s economy, like many in the region, fluctuated, influenced by the booms and busts of agriculture, the ever-present oil industry, and the shifting landscape of regional development.

The Dust Bowl and Beyond: Echoes of the Past

The Dust Bowl era of the 1930s likely left an indelible mark on Texline and its people. While the exact impact remains an area ripe for exploration, the stories of resilience and adaptation during this challenging period likely hold valuable insights into the community’s enduring spirit. Further research into oral histories and local archives could shed light on how Texline weathered this storm and emerged stronger on the other side.

Texline Today: A Community on the Edge

Today, Texline remains a small, tight-knit community of around 448 people (2020 census), comprising approximately 160 households and 74 families. The city of Holdenville and the city of Muleshoe TX offer interesting parallels in terms of small-town resilience and community spirit, although their specific histories and challenges differ.

Education and Legacy

The Texline Independent School District (TISD) operates a single K-12 school, Texline Public School, serving as the heart of the community. This single school likely fosters a strong sense of community and shared experience, shaping the lives of generations of Texline residents. Adding to the town’s unique character is its connection to W.A. Criswell, the influential Southern Baptist pastor who spent his formative years in Texline. This little-known fact adds another layer to the town’s rich tapestry of stories.

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The Future of Texline: An Unfolding Story

What does the future hold for Texline? While uncertainties remain, the town’s history suggests a likely path of continued adaptation and resilience. Further research into current community initiatives and resident perspectives could offer valuable insights into the hopes and concerns shaping Texline’s future. The story of Texline, a town born from a railway stop and marked by a boundary dispute, continues to be written on the high plains of Texas.

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